Title :How science belongs to material matters from the perspective of Islamic philosophy

Student :  Reza GhasemiyanMazar

supervisor : Dr. Ahmad Vaezi

Advisor : Dr. MohammadMahdi GorjiyanArabi / Dr. Askari Soleymani Amiri

Grade : PHD

Years : 2014

Abstract :

The scholars of Islam are divided into two main groups regarding this science.

Peripatetic philosophers and most of the companions of transcendent theology, especially Sadr al-Mutallahin, in many of their works, defend the acquisition of this science about human beings, according to which at the time of the sensory perception of a material object, a picture of it lies in the understanding and has a reincarnation or exportation relativity with it. This image becomes the criterion of discovery.

On the contrary, the Enlightenment and Sadr al-Mutallahin scholars (in the science of soul to the body and bodily powers) have considered this science as knowledge by presence (al-ilm al-huduri ), according to which the material object, without any intermediary of pictures, presents for man.

There are these two different views in the knowledge of the Most High to the materials as well.

Most of the Peripatetic philosophers explain it by imaging objects in the necessary existent and general form. But, on the contrary, the Enlightenment scholars and the transcendent companions consider it as the knowledge by presence.

But the difference is that the Illuminati have referred to this science as a visual science. Still, the companions of the transcendent wisdom express it through the science of cause and through the superior and Basit al-Haqiqah.

The realism in acquisition knowledge has been faced with some problems, and in knowledge by presence, it can be explained through the formation of imagination.  

The truth about science, whether in the case of man or the necessary existent, is that it is present knowledge. In fact, mixing with the material and the existential weakness of the object does not prevent its presence.

Additionally, the abstract and the material perceive them collectively and consistently – not the disparate existence.