In Kantian philosophy, freedom is the ability to will something in the absence of certain knowledge; he believed that if humans had certain knowledge of metaphysics, they would not be free. In stark contrast, Islamic philosophy posits that freedom is contingent upon knowledge. Freedom becomes meaningful after knowing, defined as the capacity to act contrary to what one knows to be true. This distinction—whether freedom is based on ignorance or knowledge—is a fundamental difference.
Dr. Hamid Parsania
Faculty Member, University Of Tehran
